Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Pterostilbene attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury: integrative insights from network pharmacology, molecular dynamics, and experimental validation

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1747977

Figure Lengend Snippet: Chemical structure of PTE and Venn analysis. (A) The 2D chemical structure of Pterostilbene (C 16 H 16 O 3 ), CAS number: 537-42-8. (B) Venn diagram representing the overlapping of PTE targets (blue) and LIRI targets (yellow). PTE: pterostilbene, 2D: two-dimensional, CAS: chemical abstracts service.

Article Snippet: Pterostilbene (PTE, HY-N0828), LY294002 (LY, HY-10108), and Anisomycin (Ani, HY-18982) were all purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, United States), and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, D8371, Solarbio, China) before dilution to the desired concentrations for subsequent experiments.

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Pterostilbene attenuates lung ischemia-reperfusion injury: integrative insights from network pharmacology, molecular dynamics, and experimental validation

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1747977

Figure Lengend Snippet: PTE mitigates IR-induced lung injury in rats. (A) Representative images showing gross morphology, HE staining, MPO immunohistochemistry (IHC), and TUNEL staining of rat lungs following 1 h of left hilar clamping and 2 h of reperfusion. PTE was administered as a single intraperitoneal injection at the onset of reperfusion (30 mg/kg for the low-dose group, PTE-L; 60 mg/kg for the high-dose group, PTE-H). The Sham group underwent no hilar occlusion, whereas the IR group received an equivalent volume of saline. (B) Pulmonary edema after reperfusion was assessed by the lung W/D ratio. (C–E) Histopathological damage was quantitatively evaluated using lung injury score, the number of MPO-positive cells, and the number of TUNEL-positive cells. (F–I) Concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in lung tissue homogenates were measured by ELISA. (J–M) Relative mRNA expression levels of EGFR, MAPK8, PIK3CB and SRC were determined by qRT-PCR. HE staining: scale bar = 100 μm; MPO staining: scale bar = 50 μm; TUNEL staining: scale bar = 100 μm. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001, vs. Sham group; # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001, #### P < 0.0001, vs. IR group; n.s = non-significant. PTE: pterostilbene, IR: ischemia-reperfusion, W/D: wet to dry, HE: hematoxylin and eosin, MPO: myeloperoxidase, TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, qRT-PCR: quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Article Snippet: Pterostilbene (PTE, HY-N0828), LY294002 (LY, HY-10108), and Anisomycin (Ani, HY-18982) were all purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, United States), and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, D8371, Solarbio, China) before dilution to the desired concentrations for subsequent experiments.

Techniques: Staining, Immunohistochemistry, TUNEL Assay, Injection, Saline, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: Pterostilbene attenuates osteoarthritis progression through p53-dependent autophagy activation: evidence from network analysis and experimental validation

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2026.1686555

Figure Lengend Snippet: PT modulates p53 localization, AMPK/mTOR signaling, and autophagy-related markers in chondrocytes. (A) CETSA results assessing the thermal stability of p53 in C28/I2 cells treated with PT or vehicle across a temperature range of 38 °C–70 °C. Representative WB bands are shown above the normalized thermal aggregation curves; (B) Representative immunofluorescence confocal microscopy images illustrating p53 subcellular localization (red) and DAPI-stained nuclei (blue) in chondrocytes across different treatment groups (scale bar = 10 μm); (C) Representative WB bands showing p53 distribution (nuclear, cytoplasmic, and total), the phosphorylation status of AMPK and mTOR, and autophagy markers (LC3 and p62); (D–K) Quantitative analyses of protein expression levels: total p53/GAPDH (D) , nuclear p53/PCNA (E) , cytoplasmic p53/GAPDH (F) , nuclear/cytoplasmic p53 ratio (G) , p-AMPK/AMPK (H) , p-mTOR/mTOR (I) , p62/GAPDH (J) , and the LC3II/I ratio (K) ; (L) Representative TUNEL staining images showing apoptotic cells (red) and nuclei (blue) (scale bar = 50 μm); (M) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells across groups. Data = mean ± SEM (n = 3). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. control; ###P < 0.001 vs. IL-1β; †P < 0.05, ††P < 0.01, †††P < 0.001 vs. IL-1β + PT.

Article Snippet: C28/I2 cells were treated with PT (HY-N0828, Lot# 130513, MedChemExpress, Shanghai, China) without further purification.

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Confocal Microscopy, Staining, Phospho-proteomics, Expressing, TUNEL Assay, Control